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Periodontitis and heart disease: Researchers connect the molecular dots
Date: September 11, 2015 Source: American Society for Microbiology
Periodontitis is a risk factor for heart disease. Now a team of researchers has shown that a periodontal pathogen causes changes in gene expression that boost inflammation and atherosclerosis in aortic smooth muscle cells.
The research is published ahead of print in Infection and Immunity, a journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
The circumstantial evidence that led to this study was ample. The periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis, has also been found in coronary artery plaques of heart attack patients. And in two species of animal models, P. gingivalis has been shown to cause and accelerate formation of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis. The investigators, led by Torbjörn Bengtsson of the Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Ã-rebro University, Ã-rebro, Sweden, showed how this happens.
They began by culturing human aortic smooth muscle cells, and infecting them with P. gingivalis. They found that gingipains, virulence factors produced by P. gingivalis, boost expression of the pro-inflammatory angiopoietin 2, while dampening expression of the anti-inflammatory angiopoietin 1 in the smooth muscle cells, with the net effect of increasing inflammation. Inflammation is strongly implicated in atherosclerosis.
“Angiopoietin 2 directly increases the migration of aortic smooth muscle cells,”. “The migration of smooth muscle cells is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.”
As with ginginpains, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a human-produced inflammatory cytokine and cardiovascular risk factor, also induces and promotes atherosclerosis said Bengtsson.
“Our research clarifies the mechanism behind the association of periodontitis and cardiovascular disease,” said Zhang. “Our aim is to find biomarkers that can help us diagnose and treat both diseases.”
1. Boxi Zhang, Hazem Khalaf, Allan Sirsjö, Torbjörn Bengtsson. Gingipains from the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis play a significant role in regulation of Angiopoietin 1 and Angiopoietin 2 in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Infection and Immunity, 2015; IAI.00498-15 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00498-15
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Last Updated on March 27, 2023 by Katie Sisel Distributor